Financial Literacy – Did You Learn This At School


Thinking back over my days in high school, I remember the presence of some character in every class who was constantly asking the teacher, “How will this be useful for me in my life out of school?”. No matter the class, no matter the situation, the question would arise, to the disbelief and annoyance of the teacher, who never really gave an answer.

It would be quite an experiment, if someone had a record of everything they used in life and which part, if any, came from classes in high school. Maybe the wise-crackers would be right most of the time, but we’ll leave that discussion for another day. There are definitely a few subjects which every student could use, and one of them is Financial Literacy. For whatever reason, the principals and education experts have never made this a requirement, though it is hard to think of a better idea.

Financial Literacy class would prepare students with the basics, giving students the opportunity to examine their possibilities and have some basis for making decisions regarding their finances. You want to give students a chance, as many make the most foolish mistakes and ended up mired in debt they are unable to service. Financial Literacy would try to counteract that; here is the way the class would progress.

Week 1. Are you being scammed? Students would be shown how to spot a scam and avoid it. It will prevent a variety of mistakes.

Week 2. Will you be able to pay back the money you borrow? The second part of the class would help students figure out if borrowing money for business or personal use is a smart idea. Credit card debt, mortgages, and other loans would be discussed. The idea would be to give students a concept of cash flow and how to service a debt, while exploring tax benefits of debt.

Week 3. What type of assets do you own? In this lesson, different assets would be explained. For example, an appreciating asset would be compared to a depreciating asset. Similarly a consumable would be compared to an earning asset. These assets would be compared over time, so you can see the impact purchasing different items has to your net wealth over time.

Week 4. What investment strategies are right for you? This lesson would run through different risk profiles, explaining both what can go right and what can go wrong with these profiles. This should enable you to work out your tolerance to financial risk and therefore make better investment decisions. From there, the class should explain some robust investment strategies for the different risk profiles.

Week 5. Should you leverage your investments. This lesson would run through the advantages and risks associated with leveraging investment portfolios. Tax would have to be covered to some extent in this lesson also as there are some definite tax advantages when borrowing to invest.

Final module. Coming to the end of Financial Literacy class, students would try and see the big picture. Laying out the biggest mistakes made by the young would be an excellent closing statement. Along with any cautionary tales, there would be a way to approach finances proactively. For the young, the advice given would be to work with what you have, and line up ways to increase your earnings without taking on high risks.

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The Role Of The Yield Curve In Evaluating Best Money Market Rates

When trying to assess a financial instrument such as a money market or high yield mutual fund, traders often refer to something called a yield curve. What is the significance of a yield curve and how is it used to assess financial instruments? To understand the yield curve, first consider what the yield or return on a bond means to the seller side and to the buyer side. To the buyer of the bond, the yield refers to how much return or how much profit can be made by investing in the bond. To the seller the yield refers to the cost of issuing the bond.

Did you know that the yield is a function of the length of time to maturity of the security. As the maturity date gets set further and further into the future, the yield increases to higher values. The increase is asymptotic, meaning that there are less gains as the maturity date goes further one. One famous theory for why yields behave this way is the “risk to liquidity” idea that states investors demand to be compensated more as they are forced to tie up money further into the future.

The bottom line is that yields inch up as the maturity date is later and later, but only up to a certain point. Specifically, expected rates rise fast when the maturity period goes from months to years, but rises more slowly as the periods go from years to decades. Sometimes yield curves fall downwards, a phenomenon that many associate with near-term recession or expected drops in long term interest rates.

The yield curve is most restricted to talking about securities with fixed maturity dates, but this impacts many instruments.

A market money deposit account is carried by mainly short term instruments. Who sets up money market accounts ? It so happens that the local branch of a national bank sets up such accounts. Moreover, one can start an account online via online banks. Investors who are worried about the trustworthiness of online banks should rest easy because as long as the institution is legal, deposits are insured by the FDIC in case of a disastrous run. Because of its short term nature, even the highest money market rates is very close to that short term bonds.

Investors might be interested in yields of GNMA mutual funds. In the time of the economic crisis perpetrated in part by the property crisis of 2007, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae fell victim to crippling losses forcing a statement from the Treasury to forestall market runs. Ginnie Mae discovered that it was in a much better position, exhibiting almost no sign of being in dire straits. Since GNMA funds rely on long term property loans, they should have better rates than money market accounts.

Finally, what does the yield curve imply for government bonds? When the government conducts its operations it is required to somehow pay for it until tax revenue is collected to pay the workers. The borrowed financing is formalized as a bond which is basically a promise to repay the borrowed money in addition to some extra interest. Therefore treasury bills that mature in less than a year have much lower yields than treasury bonds that mature in decades.

Continue to have questions? It might be worth it to check out our resources about the high yield mutual fund industry. Come to our home page on advice for mutual funds to find out the most latest articles.

Using An IRA Account For Real Estate Investing

Not many people know that it is possible to invest into real estate in their own personal IRA accounts and get all of the same advantages that normally come with IRA accounts. The only thing you really need to do is to open up a self directed IRA account and start investing.

A self directed IRA plan is a retirement plan that allows investors to invest their money however they would like to. Almost any kind of investment is available for self directed IRA holders to get into and one of those investments is of course real estate.

Now for those of you who do not know what real estate investing is it involves buying a house or apartment building if you can afford it and then renting it out. The rent money that comes in should ideally pay for the mortgage and any other bills that you might have and over time as the house appreciates your wealth grows bigger and bigger.

It is a fantastic way of growing your money, because after all, what is safer than real estate? They are not making any more land and people are always going to need a place to sleep. The land owners have always been the wealthy and even though our world is getting more complex it is a trend that continues to this day.

How do you start investing your money into real estate in your retirement account? Well you are going to have to open up a Self Directed IRA to do this in. Most banks and brokers will offer their own version of the plan, so it is good to get some information on them and then compare the plans. Some things you should take into consideration; are there any restrictions on what you can invest into and what are the fees?

While there shouldn’t be very many limits on what you can invest into with a Self Directed IRA some plans will actually put limits out their versions. Before you sign up with anything go over what thieir rules and fees are first.

Doing research on these plans can be a big inconvenience, but it is worth it to make sure that you are not going to get into a plan that will charge you to death and not let you invest into anything that you want .

For more on IRA Real Estate Investments read this Holding Real Estate in an IRA article. Unique version for reprint here: Using An IRA Account For Real Estate Investing.

Expense Rates Set By North American Mutual Fund Brokerages

The acronym MER stands for management expense ratio, and is a measure of how much is paid to the management of a fund. In general, index funds have a lower MER than managed funds. This means that index funds give back more of the gains to the investor.

This is because index funds use an algorithm to track the stock capitalization of a fixed or semi-fixed list of companies, whereas managed funds depend on the decisions of its managers to pick and balance investments in stocks for the fund.

Studies by financial statisticians reveal that there are no differences between managed and index funds in terms of return. So why do people pay more for managed funds? The reason is that some customers believe specific managers are better at picking funds than using an index list.

A recent study by a Harvard professor Peter Turfano showed that Canadian mutual funds had more than a double MER when compared to the U.S. A lot of media attention focused on his conclusions leading many to believe that Canadian funds were defective, inefficient or deficient.

On the other hand a very new study shows that in fact the two countries had similar expense ratios for the respective firms. The caveat is that this new study was commissioned by the Canadian mutual fund giant Mackenzie. The study claimed that after controlling for confounding variables they reached their conclusion.

The appearance of the second paper is not without conflicts of interest, as it was sponsored by a Canadian firm. However, it can be agreed that it adds fire to the debate. What does this mean for the average Canadian investor? Likely very little as Canadians cannot invest easily in American mutual fund companies.

Additional topics and articles on high yield mutual fund can be found at the site. Additional resources provided for rates money market mutual funds can be found here.

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Getting To Know Your 401k

Most people have a 401k plan nowadays. And these people tend to follow the same basic 401k tips and advice which tells them to simply keep investing into the plan and everything will work out for the better in the long run. But few people ever examine their 401k a little bit closer to see what exactly they are investing into and how they can do better.

So, before it is too late here is some basic 401k information.

You probably know that your 401k can save you taxes. All of the money that is invested into the plan is invested into the plan before it can be taxed. But where exactly is that money being invested?

In most cases it is simply invested into a mutual fund which may or may not be the best choice for you. It may be that the funds which you are investing your money into are seriously underperforming the market. After all most mutual funds are in the business of getting new investors, not making sure that they are a great investment.

That’s why if you would like to start learning how to invest your own money it really can pay off pretty big. Of course it can also be riskier, which is why most companies don’t allow you to have a self directed 401k. But if your company allows it and you start learning how to invest properly it can be a great alternative.

Another thing to consider is real estate 401k investing in addition to stocks. Some plans will only let you invest into funds that invest into stocks, but not all. Some plans will even allow you to invest your money into a REIT or a real estate investment trust.

This is a trust that invests into real estate. It basically buys things like commercial buildings and apartment buildings and profits from the income and from the appreciation that they produce. Then each investor benefits as their investment makes money.

This can help you to diversify your holdings a little bit so that you are not as dependent on the ups and downs of one market.

For more on 401k plans visit this site on some basic 401k information and regulations This article, Getting To Know Your 401k is available for free reprint.

Mutual Funds And Low Volatility Investments

Investors need to be educated about the qualities to look for in investments. There is more than just the rate of return, there is also the amount of risk which can be quantified. A simple example can help clarify what this means. Imagine a stock that can do two things at the end of the year. It has a 95% chance of doubling, and a 5% chance of losing all its value.

For such a stock, one can calculate the expected rate of return at 2 * 0.95 or 190%. So the investor on average expects a 90% return, but he or she also knows that there is a nonnegligible chance of a 100% loss. To many this is unacceptably high. To compare, an imaginary stock that has a 0% chance of being wiped out and a 100% of making 5% return is really one of the low risk investments.

The fact is that most investments have a trade-off between risk and reward. The higher the reward, the greater the risk. This is manifested in investments like junk bonds, which are offered by companies that are in trouble but need to raise a lot of money and can only do so by offering very high interest rates. Low risk investments are exemplified by bank certificates of deposit that offer guaranteed rates of return.

There are other kinds of investments that have differing profiles for risk and reward.

Small investors who have an interest in getting a greater return than a savings account are advised to ponder over the money market account. It so happens that the local branch of a nation-wide bank sets up such accounts. In addition, one can set up an account on the web through virtual banks. People who are worried about the reliability of internet-only banks should be comforted as long as the banking institution is certified, deposits are guaranteed by the FDIC in case of a disastrous collapse. Money market accounts should not be mixed up a money market fund which are portfolios of such instruments, and therefore are not FDIC insured.

An oft-overlooked treasure in the financial world is the Ginnie Mae fund, often eclipsed by the related companies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The trio are in charge of real estate borrowing but GNMA funds are considered the most conservative. Readers will recall in recent years Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae got pounded in the real estate bubble of late 2000s. Despite this, Ginnie Mae survived largely unhurt and likely is in a much better position. SEC rules still demand that GNMA-titled funds to invest more than 80% of assets in GNMA-related securities.

The day-to-day activities of a government, such as ensuring police are doing their job on the city level, or the public college accepting students on the state level, relies upon loaned money. Such a large scale borrowing has no hope of being accomplished using a regular bank, but must be self-financed via the distribution of bonds that are guarantees of repayment. Private investors, companies and even countries buy bonds issued by the United States government on account of historical performance and robustness of the United States economy.

The site talks about how to choose mutual fund return. Niche detail resources on riskless investments are available.

Alternative Investments Choices

We are still in the midst of a financial crisis. Greater than 1% swings in the stock market is not the sign of a healthy market. People are unsure whether there is going to be inflation or whether deflation is now going to happen. With this in mind you need to be sure that you try and protect your wealth and you can do that by using alternative investments.

If we do see deflation then it is a good idea to hold cash. In deflationary times cash actually increases in value. This is one of the reasons that policy makers don’t like deflation. People hoard money. They don’t spend it because things will be cheaper in the future and as a result the economy seizes up.

If we get deflation then surely alternative investments are bad? That may not be true. Just because we might see deflation in the wider economy, we might also see inflation in other assets. The Fed is printing forests’ worth of money. That might not be impacting on the man in the street but it is in the financial system. This money will want to find a home that offer a decent return and they could be alternative investments.

Alternative investments might not be the best investment in times of deflation but they are a lot better than other things. Where they do well is in times of inflation. It is a great way of diversifying your risk for the future.

Values in alternative investments, such as wine and antiques, aren’t very correlated to fluctuations in the stock market. This allows you to diversify more and given that a lot of people have a lot of wealth tied up in equities this is not necessarily a bad thing.

Not being able to know what will happen can be quite unsettling. This means that you have to do your best to protect yourself if the worst does happen. Having exposure to alternative investments will help you with that.

Are you keen to find out more information on alternative investments strategies? Well you can discover more by going to Dave’s blog. There you will find all benefits and negatives of making alternative investments.

6 Thing You Must Know About Long Term Care Insurance

If you want to get a long-term care insurance quote, it is important that you know some of the factors concerned. This particular article will give you six necessary factors to take into consideration. If you would like a ltci quote, there’s so much information you may need to understand about so that you can make an informed decision. This information is based upon factors such as what type of benefits you would like to receive when using your policy.

A long-term care insurance quote is group upon many factors and following are just some of the things of importance. Your age and what type of benefits will cause your quote to vary.

The types of benefits you receive will help determine your cost of long-term care. These kinds of benefits can include whether you may receive in-home services, care at a care home or from services based in your community.

The value of your ltci quote is squad on age so the younger you are when you get ltci will cause your premium to be lower.

Different costs for quotes can be based on what company you request a quote for. You must ask your employer if they offer ltci.

Your quote can be group on how you want advantages to be paid out. Some policies let you spend a certain maximum in whatever way you want while others provide a maximum based on a daily, weekly, or monthly time frame.

You have the option to choose when you’re able to start using benefits and this will cause a change in your insurance quote.

You will need to think about what kind of daily benefits you’ll receive. Your quote will be higher when you want higher daily benefits.

This article should have opened your eyes to a larger degree to what to expect when getting a long term care insurance quote. You need to have as much information out and on the table when talking about this because it is vital to grasp what to expect with your policy.

Before you go out and buy a policy go to Long Term Care Insurance, ask questions and request a long term care insurance quote. We represent 20 of the top LTCi providers. This gives you tremendous options.